Let them all be confounded and turned back that hate Zion.
Let all those who hate Zion be put to shame and forced to retreat.
The writer is asking God to defeat and shame those who oppose His holy city and His people.
📚 Historical Context
Psalm 129 is one of the Songs of Ascents, psalms sung by Israelites as they journeyed to Jerusalem for religious festivals, reflecting their corporate worship and national identity. In this verse, the psalmist calls for the defeat of those who hate Zion, which represents Jerusalem and God's chosen people, amid ongoing threats from surrounding nations. This prayer echoes Israel's historical experiences of oppression and deliverance, such as conflicts with enemies like the Philistines or Babylonians.
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