KJV ORIGINAL
To execute vengeance upon the heathen, and punishments upon the people;
Close to the original. Clear modern English.
✦ MADE SIMPLE
To carry out God's judgment on the nations, and to bring punishment on the peoples;
⚡ THE BOTTOM LINE
This verse describes God's people carrying out divine justice against nations that oppose God.
📚 Historical Context
This psalm was likely written during or after Israel's return from Babylonian exile, when they anticipated God's judgment on the nations that had oppressed them. In ancient Israel's understanding, they saw themselves as instruments of God's justice against nations that rejected Him and persecuted His people. The 'heathen' referred to pagan nations that worshipped false gods and often attacked Israel.
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