And they were to prove Israel by them, to know whether they would hearken unto the commandments of the LORD, which he commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses.
These nations were left there to test Israel, to see whether they would obey the LORD's commandments that he had given to their ancestors through Moses.
God allowed other nations to remain in the land as a test to see if Israel would stay faithful to his commands.
📚 Historical Context
This verse refers to the period after Joshua's death when Israel had not completely conquered the Promised Land. God deliberately allowed certain Canaanite nations to remain in the land rather than driving them out completely. This was both a consequence of Israel's incomplete obedience and a divine test of their ongoing faithfulness to the covenant given through Moses.
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