They have not known nor understood: for he hath shut their eyes, that they cannot see; and their hearts, that they cannot understand.
They don't know or understand: God has closed their eyes so they cannot see, and closed their hearts so they cannot understand.
The writer is explaining that people who worship idols have become spiritually blind and unable to understand the truth about God.
📚 Historical Context
Isaiah was writing during a time when God's people were surrounded by nations that worshipped idols made of wood, stone, and metal. In the preceding verses, Isaiah describes the absurdity of someone cutting down a tree, using half for fuel and carving the other half into a god to worship. This spiritual blindness was both a consequence of and judgment for turning away from the one true God.
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