The children of Bethlehem, an hundred twenty and three.
The people from Bethlehem: 123.
This verse records that 123 people from the town of Bethlehem returned from exile in Babylon to rebuild Jerusalem.
📚 Historical Context
In the Book of Ezra, this chapter is part of a detailed census recording the families and individuals who returned to Jerusalem from exile in Babylon around 538 BC, after King Cyrus issued a decree allowing the Jews to rebuild their temple and homeland. This verse specifically lists the descendants from Bethlehem, numbering 123, as part of the broader effort to repopulate and restore the Jewish community. Such genealogical records were crucial for verifying identity, inheritance, and social order in the post-exilic period.
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