These were all the sons of David, beside the sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister.
These were all of David's sons, not counting the sons he had with his concubines, and Tamar was their sister.
This verse is summarizing David's family - listing all his sons from his wives, plus mentioning he had other sons with concubines, and noting that Tamar was their sister.
📚 Historical Context
This comes from a genealogical record in 1 Chronicles, written after Israel's return from Babylonian exile to help restore their tribal and family identities. In ancient times, kings often had multiple wives and concubines for political alliances and to ensure royal succession. Tamar mentioned here was likely David's daughter who suffered tragedy at the hands of her half-brother Amnon, which created major family turmoil in David's household.
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